09年自考英语(一)课堂笔记(unit25)
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Text A American men don't cry
本课主要语言点
1.Weakness n. 软弱,薄弱;缺点,弱点;嗜好.
Weakness 是形容词weak的名词形式.-ness这个名词后缀常用在形容词后面,构成名词.如:happiness,carelessness,sadness,uselessness等等.
1)He was too weak to walk any further.(他没有力气再往前走了.)
2)She was born with weak eyesight.(她天生视力差.)
3)He is weak in maths.(他不擅常数学.)
4)Weak leaders won't be able to cope with this situation.(软弱无力的领导人无法应付这一局面.)
5)She recovered from her weakness after two week's rest.(经过两周的休息,她虚弱的身体得到了恢复.)
6)His recovered from pressure would give his opponent some chance.(他在压力之下的软弱会给他的对手带来机会.)
7)They saw a weakness in Robert's method.(他们在罗伯特的方法中看到了弱点.)
8)He has a weakness for money.(他爱钱如命.)
2.Childishness n. 幼稚
同上一个单词一样,-ness这个名词后缀用在爱形容词后面,构成名词.
I was annoyed at the childishness of her remark.(她孩子气的话语令我恼火.)
请注意 childish 和childlike的异同之处:
“childish” is used to describe a person who behaves in an immature way, or to describe
something that is typical of a child. (childish用来形容某个行为不成熟的人或用来形容某件事似孩子般的.)
“childlike” is used to describe a person who is like a child in appearance, character, or
behavior. (childlike用来形容一个人的外貌、性格或举止像个孩子,天真,单纯.)
1)She is a nice person but a bit too childish.(她人不错,只是太幼稚了一点.)
2)She has a childish face.(她有张孩子气的脸.)
3)The young woman has a childlike figure.(那个年轻妇人有着孩子般的体型.)
4)It is childish to go into danger for nothing.(无谓地陷入危险是幼稚的行为.)
3.dependence n. 依靠,依赖;信赖;隶属.
-ence是常用的名词后缀,如:absence,confidence,innocence 等等.如果我们把后缀-ence变换成-ent,dependent则是个形容词;如果在dependence或dependent前面加上前缀in-, 则表示相反意义,“独立”、“独立的”.
1)All living thing depend on sunlight, air and water.(一切生命依赖于阳光、空气和水.)
2)He doesn't want to live in dependence on his parents any longer.(他不想再依靠父母生活.)
3)The old man s very dependent on his son.(那位老人什么都依赖他儿子.)
4)India got its independence in 1946.(印度于1946年获得独立.)
5)He is independent of his parents.(他不依赖父母而自立.)
4.disapprove v. 不赞成.
我们在第二单元中学习过approve,在第二十三单元中学习过approval.approve是disapprove的反义词,approval则是disapproval的反义词.
disapprove和approve一样可以用作及物动词和不及物动词.用作不及物动词时,在其后需加介词of,然后才可以接宾语.如:
1)He disapproved the arrangement for the wedding.(她不赞成婚事的安排.)
2)Her parents disapproved her marriage to Jimmy.(父母不同意她与吉米的婚事.)
3)The teacher disapproved of her students going camping.(老师不反对她的学生们去露营.)
4)He disapproved of my method.(他反对我的方法.)
5.discourage v. 使泄气,使沮丧;阻拦.
上个单词disapprove中的dis-前缀表示“not”,discourage中的前缀dis-则表示“deprive of”.discourage的反义词是encourage.courage是名词,意思是“勇气”.
1)He didn't have the courage to tell her the truth. (他没有勇气对她说实话.)
2)We have to face the difficulties with courage. (我们得勇敢地面对困难.)
3)Don't be discouraged by setbacks.(别因挫折而泄气.)
4)The heavy rain discouraged us from going out.(大雨使我们无法出去.)
5)Her husband encouraged her to complete her study.(她丈夫鼓励她完成学业.)
6)They felt encouraged by their achievements.(他们因自己取得的成就而感到鼓舞.)
7)He finished encouraged by their achievements.(尽管有许多令人灰心的挫折,他仍然完成了工作.)
8)What he said just now is discouraging.(他刚才说的话令人泄气.)
9)Children need more encouragement.(孩子需要更多的鼓励.)
10) The results are encouraging.(结果令人鼓舞.)
6.permissible adj. 容许的,准许的.
permissible是permission的形容词形式,而permission是permit的名词形式.
1)Smoking is not obtain permitted in public places.(不允许在公共场所抽烟.)
2)Mother would not permit her to watch TV for too long.(妈妈不允许她看电视时间过长.)
3)He could not obtain permission from the authorities.(他无法获得官方的许可.)
4)You can't do it without permission.(没有得到许可,你不能做这件事.)
5)It was permissible to ask a question.(提一个问题是准许的.)
6)In many cases, it is permissible for a child to cry.(在许多情况下,孩子是准许哭的.)
7.excusable adj. 可原谅地,可辩解的.
同上一个单词中的后缀-ible一样,-able也是一个常用的形容词后缀.如:desirable(值得要的),irritable(易怒的),reasonable(合理的),noticeable(明显的).
excuse可以做名词用,意思是“借口,理由”,也可以一做动词哟功能,意思是“原谅,宽恕”或“免除”.
1)You don't have to make any excuse.(你不用编任何借口.)
2)There is no excuse for not giving them a chance.(没有理由不给他们机会.)
3)Please excuse my carelessness.(请原谅我的粗心.)
4)I could never excuse him for being so rude.(我永远也不会原谅他如此无礼.)
5)She was excused from long hours' of practice.(她可以免除长时间的练习.)
6)This is an excusable mistake.(这是个可原谅的错误.)
7)In women, crying is excusable, but in men, crying is a mark of weakness.(女人哭是可以原谅的,而男人哭则是软弱的标志.)
8.capacity n. 容量;能力.
1)The theatre has a seating capacity of 3000.(这个剧院能容纳3000名观众.)
2)The theatre was filled to capacity.(剧院里座无虚席.)
3)The book is beyond the capacity of young readers.(这本书超出了少年读者的理解力.)
4)The storage vessel has a capacity of 10,000 lite
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